The first six assessment instruments as presented in Table 5
were developed by authors who used their own cultural competence
model as a framework under which subdomains or
subscales of an instrument were derived directly from the
components of the underlying model. For example,
Campinha-Bacote’s two assessment instruments (2003,
2005) and Papadopoulos et al.’s assessment tool (CCATool,
2004) drew all the domains (five for the former and four for
the latter) from their respective cultural competence models.
Doorenbos et al. (2005) derived the three subdomains of the
assessment instrument from the corresponding providerlevel
component of their 3-D Model of Culturally Congruent
Care (Schim & Doorenbos, 2010; Schim et al., 2007). In
Jeffreys’s (2010b) two assessment tools, the three (cognitive,
practical, and affective) subscales were derived from the
three namesake dimensions of transcultural nursing skills.