Skin cancers are often resistant to conventional chemotherapy. This study examined the anti-skin cancer
properties of crude ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp (MPEE) on human squamous cell carcinoma
A-431 and melanoma SK-MEL-28 lines. Significant dose-dependent reduction in% viability was observed
for these cell lines, with less effect on human normal skin fibroblast CCD-1064Sk and keratinocyte HaCaT
cell lines. Cell distribution in G1 phase (93%) significantly increased after 10lg/ml of MPEE versus
untreated SK-MEL-28 cells (78%), which was associated with enhanced p21
WAF1
mRNA levels. In A-431
cells, 10lg/ml MPEE significantly increased the sub G1peak (15%) with concomitant decrease in G1phase
over untreated cells (2%). In A-431 cells, 10lg/ml MPEE induced an 18% increase in early apoptosis versus untreated cells (2%). This was via caspase activation (15-, 3- and 4-fold increased caspse-3/7, 8, and 9
activities), and disruption of mitochondrial pathways (6-fold decreased mitochondrial membrane potential versus untreated cells). Real-time PCR revealed increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cytochromecrelease,
and decreased Akt1. Apoptosis was significantly increased after MPEE treatment of SK-MEL-28 cells.
Hence, MPEE showed strong anti-skin cancer effect on these two skin cancer cell lines, with potential
as an anti-skin cancer agent.
Skin cancers are often resistant to conventional chemotherapy. This study examined the anti-skin cancerproperties of crude ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp (MPEE) on human squamous cell carcinomaA-431 and melanoma SK-MEL-28 lines. Significant dose-dependent reduction in% viability was observedfor these cell lines, with less effect on human normal skin fibroblast CCD-1064Sk and keratinocyte HaCaTcell lines. Cell distribution in G1 phase (93%) significantly increased after 10lg/ml of MPEE versusuntreated SK-MEL-28 cells (78%), which was associated with enhanced p21WAF1mRNA levels. In A-431cells, 10lg/ml MPEE significantly increased the sub G1peak (15%) with concomitant decrease in G1phaseover untreated cells (2%). In A-431 cells, 10lg/ml MPEE induced an 18% increase in early apoptosis versus untreated cells (2%). This was via caspase activation (15-, 3- and 4-fold increased caspse-3/7, 8, and 9activities), and disruption of mitochondrial pathways (6-fold decreased mitochondrial membrane potential versus untreated cells). Real-time PCR revealed increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cytochromecrelease,and decreased Akt1. Apoptosis was significantly increased after MPEE treatment of SK-MEL-28 cells.Hence, MPEE showed strong anti-skin cancer effect on these two skin cancer cell lines, with potentialas an anti-skin cancer agent.
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