8.2. Impacts Associated with Cross-border Trade and People’s Mobility
The impressive growth of cross-border trade and people’s mobility have brought about an increased degree of interdependency and economic integration. Nevertheless, there exists a multi-faceted impact on Thai economy and society. Firstly, the growth signifies a higher degree of border openness as a large number of urban and rural people along the border gain benefits from trade, as well as acquiring wider access to consumer products and essentials for daily consumption. However, the question arises to what extent the benefits of cross-border trade growth will contribute to local and regional economic development as traded goods are customarily produced in Bangkok, its vicinity, and the Eastern Seaboard region. Accordingly, new border cities have not developed towards their full production potentials. Secondly, an increasing magnitude of people’s mobility of both Thai and foreign nationals crossing border checkpoints bring closer economic and social ties. This enhances the positive role that migrant workers play in the Thai economy as they contribute approximately 0.50% of total GDP per year (World Bank 2006). However, the influx of illegal immigrant labor causes various problems ranging from national security, public health, social and economic consequences (Ratmanee et al. 2004). Therefore, it is currently prompting a national agenda for finding the means to systematically manage migrant labor in order to bring balanced economic growth and national security. Lastly, there is an increasing awareness of inadequate urban infrastructure and traffic jams due to rapid urbanization in several border cities, as well as lacking cross-border logistics provision.
8.2. ผลกระทบที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการค้าข้ามพรมแดนและการเคลื่อนไหวของผู้คนThe impressive growth of cross-border trade and people’s mobility have brought about an increased degree of interdependency and economic integration. Nevertheless, there exists a multi-faceted impact on Thai economy and society. Firstly, the growth signifies a higher degree of border openness as a large number of urban and rural people along the border gain benefits from trade, as well as acquiring wider access to consumer products and essentials for daily consumption. However, the question arises to what extent the benefits of cross-border trade growth will contribute to local and regional economic development as traded goods are customarily produced in Bangkok, its vicinity, and the Eastern Seaboard region. Accordingly, new border cities have not developed towards their full production potentials. Secondly, an increasing magnitude of people’s mobility of both Thai and foreign nationals crossing border checkpoints bring closer economic and social ties. This enhances the positive role that migrant workers play in the Thai economy as they contribute approximately 0.50% of total GDP per year (World Bank 2006). However, the influx of illegal immigrant labor causes various problems ranging from national security, public health, social and economic consequences (Ratmanee et al. 2004). Therefore, it is currently prompting a national agenda for finding the means to systematically manage migrant labor in order to bring balanced economic growth and national security. Lastly, there is an increasing awareness of inadequate urban infrastructure and traffic jams due to rapid urbanization in several border cities, as well as lacking cross-border logistics provision.
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