Dough thermograms under the measurement were recorded as
shown in Fig. 4a. In each thermogram, the Tpeak represents the
temperature of the maximum exothermic on unimodal peak, and
Tonset and Tend are the upper and lower temperatures, respectively
(Fig. 4b). Based on these results, the phase transition temperature
under the DSC was observed between 11.6 and 15.2 C, which is
lower than the 6.1 to 11.8 C range previously observed in the
experimental freezing dough profiling section. Even if the temperature range for dough ice crystal formation was not different among
the samples, as shown in the profiling section, the Tend values were
grouped as follows: FR1 sample, FR2 to FR4 samples, and FR5 and
FR6 samples (p < 0.05). The difference between the practical dough
temperature profiling and the DSC mimicking method may result
from the hermetic condition of the pan and the unavoidably biased
simulation of the ZMICF under DSC freezing at constant FR.