the fuel’s price, the world is moving towards the energy catastrophe [1-
3]. However, consumption of fossil fuels causes an increase in pollution
level which is a major cause of global warming [4]. So requisition of
an alternate source of energy is increasing day by day which should
be economical, reusable and cleans [5]. Therefore there is need to
develop and improve on existing wastewater treatment technologies
that are environmentally sustainable in these times of energy scarcity
[6]. Studies show that energy can be extracted from organic wastewater
as chemical energy or electric energy as well as treating the wastewater
[7-9]. A MFC is a device which is used to generate electricity from
wastewater with the help of micro-organisms [10]. A MFC consists of
an anode and a cathode these compartments separated by a membrane
like salt bridge [11-15]. There are two reactions that take place in an
MFC, reduction and oxidation. Reduction in the anode compartment
is due to the gain of electrons from the organic substrate [16-19]. The
substrate is oxidized in the anode generating a proton and an electron
[20]. The process of oxidation which is essence is decomposition is
bio-catalyzed by bacteria. Bacteria gain energy by transferring these
electrons from the substrate to the anode electrode [21]. The power
output of an MFC is dependent on operational conditions and other
factors like mass transfer and these factors influence the bio-reactor
configurations. The operational factors that affect the power output
of the bio-fuel cell are: pH, temperature, concentration of dissolved
oxygen and the electrolyte strength [22]. An MFC cannot attain
maximum power output because of a number of factors that arise due
to over potential related losses like ohmic concentration polarization
and activation losses [23-25]. Over potential are resistances to the flow
of electrons due to the flow path that the electrons take. The purpose of
this study was produce electricity from sewage. In this study, four batch
cells were used to determine the voltage developed by the MFC. The
relationship between COD removal in wastewater and voltage produced
by an MFC was also investigated to determine treatment efficiencies
with respect to a control (cell without electrical components).
the fuel’s price, the world is moving towards the energy catastrophe [1-3]. However, consumption of fossil fuels causes an increase in pollutionlevel which is a major cause of global warming [4]. So requisition ofan alternate source of energy is increasing day by day which shouldbe economical, reusable and cleans [5]. Therefore there is need todevelop and improve on existing wastewater treatment technologiesthat are environmentally sustainable in these times of energy scarcity[6]. Studies show that energy can be extracted from organic wastewateras chemical energy or electric energy as well as treating the wastewater[7-9]. A MFC is a device which is used to generate electricity fromwastewater with the help of micro-organisms [10]. A MFC consists ofan anode and a cathode these compartments separated by a membranelike salt bridge [11-15]. There are two reactions that take place in anMFC, reduction and oxidation. Reduction in the anode compartmentis due to the gain of electrons from the organic substrate [16-19]. Thesubstrate is oxidized in the anode generating a proton and an electron[20]. The process of oxidation which is essence is decomposition isbio-catalyzed by bacteria. Bacteria gain energy by transferring theseelectrons from the substrate to the anode electrode [21]. The poweroutput of an MFC is dependent on operational conditions and otherfactors like mass transfer and these factors influence the bio-reactorconfigurations. The operational factors that affect the power outputof the bio-fuel cell are: pH, temperature, concentration of dissolvedoxygen and the electrolyte strength [22]. An MFC cannot attainmaximum power output because of a number of factors that arise dueto over potential related losses like ohmic concentration polarizationand activation losses [23-25]. Over potential are resistances to the flowof electrons due to the flow path that the electrons take. The purpose ofthis study was produce electricity from sewage. In this study, four batchcells were used to determine the voltage developed by the MFC. Therelationship between COD removal in wastewater and voltage producedby an MFC was also investigated to determine treatment efficiencieswith respect to a control (cell without electrical components).
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