tuning formula [15] for set-point regulation accommodate the response speed and overshoot. The other method used is a population-based optimization method first proposed by Eberhart and Colleagues [1, 2]. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has attractive features like, ease of implementation and the fact that no gradient information is required. It can be used to solve a wide array of different optimization problems. Like evolutionary algorithms, PSO technique conducts search using a population of particles, corresponding to individuals. Each particle represents a candidate solution to the problem at hand thus has more efficiency for finding problem solution.
Control System Design and Analysis Technologies are widely suppress and very useful to be applied in real-time development. Some can be solved by hardware technology and by the advance used of software, control system are analyzed easily and detail. DC Motors can be used in various applications and can be used as various sizes and rates. Today their uses isn’t limited in the car applications (electrics vehicle), in applications of weak power using battery system (motor of toy) or for the electric traction in the multi-machine systems too. The speed of DC motor can be adjusted to a great extent as to provide controllability easy and high performance.
In this paper, an optimal PI-PSO controller, PID-ZN controller and PID-MZN controller are developed for DC motor speed control. The performance measure to be minimized contains the following objectives of the PID controller, that will be studied separately,
1. Minimize the rise time, time required for system response to rise from 10% to 90% (over damped); 5% to 95%; 0% to 100% (Under damped) of the final steady state value of the desired response,
2. Minimize the maximum overshoot, Maximum overshoot is the maximum peak value of the response curve measured from the desired response of the system, and
3. Minimize the settling time, Time required for response to reach and stay within 2% of final value.
II. DC MOTOR MODEL
This DC motor system is a separately excited DC motor [7]-[10], which is often used to the velocity tuning and the position adjustment. This paper focuses on the study of DC motor linear speed control, therefore, the separately excited DC motor is adopted. Make use of the armature voltage control
method to control the DC motor velocity, the armature voltage controls the distinguishing feature of method as the flux fixed, is also a field current fixedly. The control equivalent circuit of the DC motor by the armature voltage control method is shown in Fig. 1.