Here, for instance, the very word corporation metaphorically invokes an image of the body corporate in which the leaders of the organization are similar to the brains of the human body. This entails what is called anthropomorphization, literally mean- ing the ascription of human form, qualities and attributes. As we shall see in this book, a great deal of organization theory deploys concepts that anthropomorphize aspects of organizations, thereby treating them as if they were human individuals with individual qualities, rather than seeing them as social collectivities. We have already dealt with one form of anthropomorphization: organizational goal. However, here in this example of the body corporate, leaders have the right to direct and con- trol what goes on in the organization, just like our brains do. Other members of the organization are thus relegated to performing the function of various subordinate body parts at the behest of messages and commands originating in the brain. Any resistance to the directions of the brain thereby becomes, metaphorically, rendered to be similar to an illness that needs to be treated because it is unhealthy and therefore puts the organization at some risk. Rationality is thus automatically accorded to the decision making of the leadership (and, for instance, their goals), and the behaviour of subordinates who might be recalcitrant or even resistant tosuch direction becomes deemed to be irrational, if not pathological. For how can the parts of the body corpo- rate not automatically respond to the commands of the brain, or even conflict with one another, unless there is some illness present? The ideological significance of such a way of conceiving organizations becomes only tooevident. For a very different view of the corporation, see the Ideas and perspectives box, overleaf.