Incision method: Needle knife used to make subcentimeter linear incision then retracted & catheter advanced
through incision. Using catheter as a guide, endoscope advanced through colonic wall into peritoneal cavity. With
endoscope in peritoneal cavity, standard endoscope air pump used to induce & maintain pneumoperitoneum. 16-
gauge catheter placed percutaneously into abdomen & vented as required to maintain a favorable balance & to allow
for optimal exposure but avoided excessive pressure that could lead to respiratory compromise or decreased venous
return.