The itinerary replanning problems form our second group of
operational planning problems. They are concerned with optimally
responding to real-time system evolution, to maximize the service
quality and therefore the marginal profit. Here, the notion of a
planned solution does not make sense and the whole operation
should continuously react and adapt in real-time (Crainic, 2003).
The updating procedure, its accuracy and speed have a major influence
on the efficient performance. Moreover, a single model or a
solution approach no longer is capable of handling these complex
problems. As such, there is a need to employ combinations of approaches,
not only from the OR area, but also decision-making
and computational sciences.