. Iturin A induces plant defense response through SA and JA signaling pathways
PR1 and PDF1.2 gene expression was induced in the iturin A treated leaves of wild plants ( Fig. 1), suggesting that iturin A induced LAR. PR1 ( Fig. 1A) and PDF1.2 ( Fig. 1B) gene expression was acutely increased 6 h after treatment of the leaves with iturin A. Similarly, the transient upregulation of PR1 gene expression was confirmed in the iturin A treated leaves of atmyc2 mutant. In npr1-5 mutant, PR1 gene expression was not upregulated in response to the iturin A treatment. In contrast, PDF1.2 gene expression was upregulated 6 h after iturin A treatment of the leaves of npr1-5 mutant, but this upregulation was not observed in atmyc2 mutant.