The question is,
As stated above merely a handful of the studies available for the synthesis has been identified as
being core studies. One core study compares the possible determinants of dropout directly across
persisters, involuntary dropouts and voluntary withdrawals whereas the other three core studies
compare the possible determinants of dropout directly across persisters, transfer students and
formal dropouts. The evidence base on this matter is, therefore, rather small. In addition, among
these four core studies only one of them investigates aspects of academic and social integration
within university, see below.