In describing the competitiveness of nation in relationship to each other, Porter(1990) conceptualized four key attributes
that are often referred to as ‘‘Porter’s Diamond,’’ Briefly, the four include: strategy, structure and rivalry; demand conditions; supply networks; and factor endowments. Factor endowments refer to a country’s productive capabilities, including the qualities and characteristics of its workforce, its natural resources and infrastructure. Increasingly, these factor endowments, particularly the workforces of countries around the world, have received extensive discussion for several reasons. One is that workforces around the world have expanded, both quantitatively and qualitatively.