Chemicals and Reagents.Sucrose (>99.5%), glucose (>99.5%),and fructose (>99.5%) used for bee part incubation and analyticalstandards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Castle Hill, Australia).Trehalulose and erlose standards were isolated from natural stinglessbee honey (>98% purity by NMR).13C12-sucrose (99 atom %13C,>99%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Castle Hill, Australia).Deionized water (DI) was provided by the Milli-Q system (Millipore)