Most applications of post-Marxism concentrate on discourses connected with identities of gender and race. There is little work addressed to governance. One exception is Griggs and Howarth’s (2000) analysis of the campaign against Manchester Airport’s second runway. They think of interests and identities as social constructs. In their case study of the runway, they ask how local village residents and direct action protestors overcame a collective action problem. Their explanation has three elements. First, there was strong group identity in that all were affected by the environmental costs of the runaway. Secondly, there was a social network and political entrepreneurs. There was a strong and activist, conservationist tradition in the villages. The leaders of the several associations could call on the support of professional people and so lower the costs of the campaign. Thirdly, new political identities emerged – ‘the Vegans and the Volvos’. Middle-class protestors saw democratic channels as unreliable and so supported more radical forms of protest. This alliance worked because: the pro-runway campaign used heavy-handed tactics and stigmatized residents and protestors alike; the media saw residents and eco-warriors as fighting a common foe; and local political and support roles. Yet, the protestors lost. The eco-warriors moved on to the next protest site. The residents split over whether to mount a national-level campaign or concentrate on the public inquiry.