Most collections were made by the second author (M. Idu) who could speak the local language and was also familiar with some of the traditional plants used by the local tribal people of the region. Study participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire with some modifications for collection of information on plants used for treating malaria by the herb sellers and herbal practitioners in the different regions of Southern Nigeria. A total of 200 questionnaires were administered and a total of 156 plants species were identified in the study.