Firstly the in-depth case studies have indicated that, on average, companies need to add about 50 per cent to the quoted price to get an indication of the total cost of outsourcing from China. However, this is subject to significant variation from product to product and hence can only be used as a rough guideline. For a more detailed estimate of total cost the framework presented can be used as a comprehensive checklist.
Secondly, the research indicates that companies tend to underestimate the add-on costs of sourcing from China. Detailed case studies showed that these averaged about 50 per cent of the quoted price; the perception of companies from the survey was that these add-on costs were less, averaging about 25 per cent of the quoted price. This difference was statistically significant. The implication here is that companies need to be more thorough in their identification of the true costs of overseas outsourcing and to be wary of significantly underestimating these costs.
There were limitations related with the approach of sampling in this research. First, the directory of UK importers used to identify companies sourcing from China was published in 2000 (this directory ceased publication after 2000). Therefore, the companies who sourced from China since 2001 were not covered. Second, it was not known how the information was gathered by the directory and hence impossible to make sure that the sampling process was entirely random. (The importance of unbiased sampling was underlined by Forza (2002) and Vidich and Shapiro (1955)). Third, the “Make it in China” workshops, used as another source of survey participants, have only been run since 2000. This enabled us to identify companies, which were a good complement to the manufacturing companies listed on the directory of UK importers – Year 2000, but may suffer from self selection bias and hence not be representative of the population as a whole. Despite the mentioned shortcomings, the sampling approach was adopted because it provided access to a relatively large number of disparate companies who were sourcing from China.
Another major limitation of the research is the small sample sizes and the lack of control for different industries and products both within each sample, and between the cases studies and the survey. This was not possible with the number of responses received.
ประการแรก กรณีศึกษาเชิงลึกได้บ่งชี้ที่ เฉลี่ย บริษัทได้เพิ่มประมาณ 50% ของราคาที่เสนอจะได้รับการบ่งชี้ต้นทุนรวมของผู้รับเหมาช่วงจากประเทศจีน อย่างไรก็ตาม นี้มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่สำคัญจากผลิตภัณฑ์สินค้า และดังนั้น เพียงใช้เป็นแนวทางคร่าว ๆ ประเมินรายละเอียดของต้นทุนรวม สามารถใช้กรอบการนำเสนอเป็นรายการตรวจสอบที่ครอบคลุมประการที่สอง การวิจัยบ่งชี้ว่า บริษัทมักจะ ดูถูกดูแคลนทุน add-on ของจากประเทศจีน รายละเอียดกรณีศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่า เหล่านี้ averaged ประมาณร้อยละ 50 ของราคาที่เสนอ การรับรู้ของบริษัทจากการสำรวจได้ว่า ต้นทุนเหล่านี้เพิ่มเติมมีน้อย การหาค่าเฉลี่ยประมาณ 25 ร้อยละของราคาที่เสนอ ความแตกต่างนี้ได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ เนื่องจากการที่บริษัทจำเป็นต้องให้เลือดในการระบุต้นทุนแท้จริงของผู้รับเหมาช่วงต่างประเทศ และต้องระมัดระวังอย่างมากเราต้นทุนเหล่านี้There were limitations related with the approach of sampling in this research. First, the directory of UK importers used to identify companies sourcing from China was published in 2000 (this directory ceased publication after 2000). Therefore, the companies who sourced from China since 2001 were not covered. Second, it was not known how the information was gathered by the directory and hence impossible to make sure that the sampling process was entirely random. (The importance of unbiased sampling was underlined by Forza (2002) and Vidich and Shapiro (1955)). Third, the “Make it in China” workshops, used as another source of survey participants, have only been run since 2000. This enabled us to identify companies, which were a good complement to the manufacturing companies listed on the directory of UK importers – Year 2000, but may suffer from self selection bias and hence not be representative of the population as a whole. Despite the mentioned shortcomings, the sampling approach was adopted because it provided access to a relatively large number of disparate companies who were sourcing from China.Another major limitation of the research is the small sample sizes and the lack of control for different industries and products both within each sample, and between the cases studies and the survey. This was not possible with the number of responses received.
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