The provision of adequate and reliable energy services at affordable costs,in a secure and environmentally benign manner,and in conformity with social and economic development needs,is an essential element of sustainable development. Energy is vital for eradicating poverty, improving human welfare and raising living standards.
However,most current patterns of energy supply and use are unsustainable [1].
Many areas of the world have no reliable and secure energy supplies,which limits economic development,while in other areas environmental degradation from energy use inhibits sustainable development.
About one-third of the world’s population still relies on the use of animal power and non-commercial fuels.
Some 1.7 billion people have no access to electricity.
This lack of access to modern energy services severely limits socioeconomic development an integral part of sustainable development. Nonetheless,because of improved technology and an increased understanding of the effects and impacts of energy and energy systems,a developing country today can make the transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy with much lower costs and with less environmental damage than today’s developed countries were subjected to during their transition.