Even though the high-NUE cultivars(ประสิทธิภาพการใช้ไนโตรเจนสูง) did not significantly decrease the absolute losses(การสูญเสียแน่นอน) of N from the field, they did show lower N losses expressed(แสดง) on a yield-scaled basis than the conventional cultivar due to higher grain yields(ผลผลิต). Cultivars W23 and Z11 produced(ให้เกิด ผลิตออกมา) 21–27% less NH3 volatilization,23–26% less N2O emission, 23–33% less N leaching, and 13–24% less N in runoff per ton(ตัน) of rice grain harvested than those(เหล่านั้น) of W3. Another cultivar Aoyusi 386 (A386), known to have a higher N uptake at early growth stages(ขั้นตอน)than W23 and Z11 was also planted in 2012. This cultivar significantly reduced N losses compared(ปรียบเทียบ) with the conventional variety(ความหลากหลาย).