High gear mesh (number of teeth times running speed)
It is common to witness a peak at the gear mesh frequency. However, if the amplitude of the peak increases, or harmonics develop, or the side bands of the input or output speed grow in amplitude, then it is highly likely that a fault is developing in the gearbox.
It is up to you what to do next. If you carefully analyze the spectrum and analyze a time waveform (that has been measured correctly) it is possible to pinpoint the fault condition.
These frequencies will be most prominent in the radial direction for spur gears, and in the axial direction for helical gears
Gear mesh = Number of teeth x Shaft speed
Output speed = Input speed x Input teeth/Output teeth