Meat mixes of the raw-cooked type (see page 127), with high amounts of coarsely cut lean meat pieces (about 90%) and the rest raw-cooked batter for binding purposes, are filled into permeable casings (see page 264) and pasteurized. Built-in hurdles are the pasteurization temperature, nitrite curing salt (and possibly other preservatives) and most importantly low aw. The low aw is achieved through smoking and drying of the sausages in hot air/hot smoke.