Anarcho-naturism, anarchist naturism and naturist anarchism appeared in the late 19th century as the union of anarchist and naturist philosophies. It was important among individualist anarchist circles in Spain, France, Portugal, and Cuba. It advocates free love, vegetarianism, and nudism. Anarcho-naturisn also promotes an ecological worldview, small village, and most prominently nudism as a way to avoid the artificiality lf the industrial mass society of modernity. Naturist individualist anarchists see the individual in their biological, physical and psychological aspects and tried to eliminate social determinations.