Albanese (2005) provides an overview of ideas and concepts discussed in prior research with
regard to offender punishment. Further, the author describes four causes of white-collar crime and
the type of remedy prescribed by each offense as follows (see Albanese 2005, 13, Table 3):
Positive Causes: This category of economic crime is caused by social and economic factors
and can be remedied by changing social or economic conditions faced by the potential
perpetrator. Alternatively, one could work to change the individual’s reaction to their
economic and social conditions.
Classical Causes: This view of economic crime suggests that such acts are guided by
hedonism—the tendency to maximize pleasure, minimize pain, or both. Albanese (2005)
argues that this is remedied through deterrence efforts that emphasize the negatives
associated with economic crime such as apprehension and punishment.
Structural Causes: This cause is the result of political or economic conditions of a society
that tend to promote a culture where an individual’s personal gain trumps social good.
White-collar crime associated with structural causes is thought to be best addressed through a
more equitable distribution of power and wealth and less capricious laws and regulations.
Ethical Lapses: This view is that crime is guided by a lack of ethical principles. This result
can best be remedied through education and reinforcement of ethical decision making.
Albanese (2005) argues that the motivation of the perpetrator might be appropriately
considered in determining the nature and type of punitive outcome. Perhaps future research could
examine if such a penalty structure could help in curbing individuals and corporations from
committing or repeating accounting fraud.
Albanese (2005) provides an overview of ideas and concepts discussed in prior research withregard to offender punishment. Further, the author describes four causes of white-collar crime andthe type of remedy prescribed by each offense as follows (see Albanese 2005, 13, Table 3): Positive Causes: This category of economic crime is caused by social and economic factorsand can be remedied by changing social or economic conditions faced by the potentialperpetrator. Alternatively, one could work to change the individual’s reaction to theireconomic and social conditions. Classical Causes: This view of economic crime suggests that such acts are guided byhedonism—the tendency to maximize pleasure, minimize pain, or both. Albanese (2005)argues that this is remedied through deterrence efforts that emphasize the negativesassociated with economic crime such as apprehension and punishment. Structural Causes: This cause is the result of political or economic conditions of a societythat tend to promote a culture where an individual’s personal gain trumps social good.White-collar crime associated with structural causes is thought to be best addressed through amore equitable distribution of power and wealth and less capricious laws and regulations. Ethical Lapses: This view is that crime is guided by a lack of ethical principles. This resultcan best be remedied through education and reinforcement of ethical decision making.Albanese (2005) argues that the motivation of the perpetrator might be appropriatelyconsidered in determining the nature and type of punitive outcome. Perhaps future research couldexamine if such a penalty structure could help in curbing individuals and corporations fromcommitting or repeating accounting fraud.
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