The observed deficit in ToM ability, as shown by a lower total score
on the TASIT, confirms previous evidence that individuals at CHR have
difficulties with mental states attribution (Bora and Pantelis, 2013;
Chung et al., 2008; Green et al., 2012a; Hur et al., 2013). This result
remained significant even after controlling for age, and IQ. Moreover,
our study supports the work of Green et al. (2012a), demonstrating
that CHR individuals show poor processing of counterfactual information.
Specifically, the group differences in sarcasm detection remained
significant after controlling for age and for IQ, suggesting that impairment
in processing counterfactual information starts early in the course
of psychosis and may be considered as an indicator of vulnerability. It
may be that deficits in sarcasm detection impede social interaction
and the establishment of peer-relationships, thus impacting social functioning.
Nevertheless, the small effects sizes observed in the current
study may indicate that these deficits are less severe in this population
than they are in individuals with an established psychotic illness,
supporting evidence that the performance of CHR individuals in ToM
falls in between that of first-episode patients and of healthy controls
(Bora and Pantelis, 2013).
The observed deficit in ToM ability, as shown by a lower total scoreon the TASIT, confirms previous evidence that individuals at CHR havedifficulties with mental states attribution (Bora and Pantelis, 2013;Chung et al., 2008; Green et al., 2012a; Hur et al., 2013). This resultremained significant even after controlling for age, and IQ. Moreover,our study supports the work of Green et al. (2012a), demonstratingthat CHR individuals show poor processing of counterfactual information.Specifically, the group differences in sarcasm detection remainedsignificant after controlling for age and for IQ, suggesting that impairmentin processing counterfactual information starts early in the courseof psychosis and may be considered as an indicator of vulnerability. Itmay be that deficits in sarcasm detection impede social interactionand the establishment of peer-relationships, thus impacting social functioning.Nevertheless, the small effects sizes observed in the currentstudy may indicate that these deficits are less severe in this populationthan they are in individuals with an established psychotic illness,supporting evidence that the performance of CHR individuals in ToMfalls in between that of first-episode patients and of healthy controls(Bora and Pantelis, 2013).
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