Daily life
As has been noted, the dwellings of ordinary people were all of wood and thatch, thus little trace remains of them. It follows that all the buildings in durable mate-rials were for the gods, During excavations at the royal palace of Angkor Thom, however, the lower portions of wooden posts have been discovered; the remains of columns which have been dated to the tenth century and which are about 50 cm in diameter, These houses on piles were more or less spacious and ornate depending on the wealth of their owners, and the countryside must have looked much as it did until recently, with the fine dwellings atop tall wooden piles, while the humbler ones were not far above the ground and somewhat precarious,
There are vivid scenes of daily life on the reliefs of the first level of Bayon, particularly the south side, portraying village life with its small trade; fruitsellers, cooks preparing a banquer , carpenters, a palmist, a cockfight with Chinese gam-blers, Noble houses with fine ladies figure too, and it is intriguing to note that the ingenious design of the ox-carts of Angkor has hardly changed to this day.
Quite a variety of apparel was worn, and successive styles can be seen on the sacred statures. Males and females usually wore skirts knotted at the hips leaving the upper body naked , except for ceremonial occasions when it was clothed in a separate length of more or less richly decorated cloth, When working the fields or in combat, the farmers or soldiers would hitch the skirt up over the waist for ease of movement.
Cambodia is in thee monsoon zone of Asia and consequently has a sharply contrasting rainfall pattern. The rainy season lasts from June to November and the land is practically bereft of precipitation for the other six months of the year.
It was therefore essential to provide reservoirs of various sizes throughout the country. Two methods were devised: the trapeang, which were ponds dug into the ground, usually on a small scale, and the baray, The latter were a proliferation of vast reservoirs, no dug out but contained within more or less massive embank-ments, thus allowing water to flow out into distribution canals by the simple force of gravity. They were often up to a kilometres in length. The largest of all was the western baray at Angkor which was no less than 8 kilometers long and 2.2 kilometres wide. Its embankment, 10 metres high and about 200 metres broad at its base, involved shifting some twenty million cubic metres of earth.
The system of weights and measures was somewhat idiosyncratic, though the inscriptions link it more or less to an Indian model. For example, the area of a paddy field was measured according to the number of casts of seed needed to sow it. Coinage did not exist, and the few coins found at Oc_Eo, apparently of foreign origin, do not indicate a currency in general use at this early period. Barter trade was the norm and is attested in numerous inscriptions. Larger transactions were paid for by the appropriate weight of gold or silver. Coins only made their appearance in the 16th century under thee influence of the Spaniards, who also named the unit of currency, the riel bing only a slight modification of the Spanish rial.
Transport was on foot or in a cart or palanquin, and perhaps most often, as in recent times, by boat along the many rivers during the wet season, or on the canals and the Great Lake. There does not seem to have been an organised network of canals linking the rivers, but there was a well-maintained system of main roads, lined with trees to provide shade, such as the road from Angkor to the site of Preah Khan at Kompong Svay (Known as the 'great' Preah Khan temple). The route visible nowadays, with its striking monumental bides, is probably not earlier than the thirteenth century. Other stretches of early roads have been identified. They were used for the great royal progresses of the cool season, when the
ชีวิตประจำวัน ตามที่มีการระบุไว้ ที่อยู่ของคนธรรมดาถูกไม้และมุง จึงน้อยติดตามของพวกเขา ต่อไปนี้ว่า อาคารทั้งหมดในคู่ rials ทนทานได้สำหรับเทพเจ้า ระหว่างทิศที่รอยัลพาเลซของนครธม อย่างไรก็ตาม ส่วนล่างของบทความที่ไม้ได้ถูกค้น พบ ยังคงอยู่ของคอลัมน์ที่มีลงไปศตวรรษ 10 และซึ่งมีเส้นผ่าศูนย์กลางประมาณ 50 ซม. บ้านเหล่าในกองได้กว้างขวาง และหรูหราขึ้นอยู่กับความมั่งคั่งของเจ้าของน้อย และต้องมองชนบทมากที่มันไม่ได้จนเมื่อเร็ว ๆ นี้ มีอยู่ดีบนยอดกองไม้สูง ในขณะ humbler ไม่ได้อยู่ไกลเหนือพื้นดิน และค่อนข้างล่อแหลม, มีฉากสีสันสดใสของชีวิตใน reliefs ระดับแรกของไทยพีบีเอส โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งด้านใต้ข้าง ขัดชีวิตหมู่บ้านกับการค้าของเล็ก fruitsellers พ่อครัวเตรียมการ banquer เดอะคาร์เพนเทอส์ palmist การ cockfight กับแกมจีน-blers บ้านโนเบิลกับผู้หญิงดีคิดมากเกินไป และเป็นที่น่าสังเกตว่า การออกแบบที่แยบยลของรถวัวของนครแทบไม่เปลี่ยนแปลงนี้ ค่อนข้างหลากหลายของเสื้อผ้าสวมใส่ และลักษณะที่ต่อเนื่องสามารถดูได้ใน statures ศักดิ์สิทธิ์ ชายและหญิงมักจะสวมกระโปรงผูกปมที่สะโพกออกเปลือยร่างกายส่วนบน ยกเว้นโอกาสพิธีเมื่อมันถูกยุทโธปกรณ์ในความยาวแยกน้อยมั่งคั่งตกแต่งผ้า เมื่อทำงานฟิลด์ หรือในการรบ เกษตรกรหรือทหารจะเกี่ยวกระโปรงขึ้นเหนือเอวเพื่อให้ง่ายต่อการเคลื่อนไหว Cambodia is in thee monsoon zone of Asia and consequently has a sharply contrasting rainfall pattern. The rainy season lasts from June to November and the land is practically bereft of precipitation for the other six months of the year.It was therefore essential to provide reservoirs of various sizes throughout the country. Two methods were devised: the trapeang, which were ponds dug into the ground, usually on a small scale, and the baray, The latter were a proliferation of vast reservoirs, no dug out but contained within more or less massive embank-ments, thus allowing water to flow out into distribution canals by the simple force of gravity. They were often up to a kilometres in length. The largest of all was the western baray at Angkor which was no less than 8 kilometers long and 2.2 kilometres wide. Its embankment, 10 metres high and about 200 metres broad at its base, involved shifting some twenty million cubic metres of earth. The system of weights and measures was somewhat idiosyncratic, though the inscriptions link it more or less to an Indian model. For example, the area of a paddy field was measured according to the number of casts of seed needed to sow it. Coinage did not exist, and the few coins found at Oc_Eo, apparently of foreign origin, do not indicate a currency in general use at this early period. Barter trade was the norm and is attested in numerous inscriptions. Larger transactions were paid for by the appropriate weight of gold or silver. Coins only made their appearance in the 16th century under thee influence of the Spaniards, who also named the unit of currency, the riel bing only a slight modification of the Spanish rial. Transport was on foot or in a cart or palanquin, and perhaps most often, as in recent times, by boat along the many rivers during the wet season, or on the canals and the Great Lake. There does not seem to have been an organised network of canals linking the rivers, but there was a well-maintained system of main roads, lined with trees to provide shade, such as the road from Angkor to the site of Preah Khan at Kompong Svay (Known as the 'great' Preah Khan temple). The route visible nowadays, with its striking monumental bides, is probably not earlier than the thirteenth century. Other stretches of early roads have been identified. They were used for the great royal progresses of the cool season, when the
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Daily life
As has been noted, the dwellings of ordinary people were all of wood and thatch, thus little trace remains of them. It follows that all the buildings in durable mate-rials were for the gods, During excavations at the royal palace of Angkor Thom, however, the lower portions of wooden posts have been discovered; the remains of columns which have been dated to the tenth century and which are about 50 cm in diameter, These houses on piles were more or less spacious and ornate depending on the wealth of their owners, and the countryside must have looked much as it did until recently, with the fine dwellings atop tall wooden piles, while the humbler ones were not far above the ground and somewhat precarious,
There are vivid scenes of daily life on the reliefs of the first level of Bayon, particularly the south side, portraying village life with its small trade; fruitsellers, cooks preparing a banquer , carpenters, a palmist, a cockfight with Chinese gam-blers, Noble houses with fine ladies figure too, and it is intriguing to note that the ingenious design of the ox-carts of Angkor has hardly changed to this day.
Quite a variety of apparel was worn, and successive styles can be seen on the sacred statures. Males and females usually wore skirts knotted at the hips leaving the upper body naked , except for ceremonial occasions when it was clothed in a separate length of more or less richly decorated cloth, When working the fields or in combat, the farmers or soldiers would hitch the skirt up over the waist for ease of movement.
Cambodia is in thee monsoon zone of Asia and consequently has a sharply contrasting rainfall pattern. The rainy season lasts from June to November and the land is practically bereft of precipitation for the other six months of the year.
It was therefore essential to provide reservoirs of various sizes throughout the country. Two methods were devised: the trapeang, which were ponds dug into the ground, usually on a small scale, and the baray, The latter were a proliferation of vast reservoirs, no dug out but contained within more or less massive embank-ments, thus allowing water to flow out into distribution canals by the simple force of gravity. They were often up to a kilometres in length. The largest of all was the western baray at Angkor which was no less than 8 kilometers long and 2.2 kilometres wide. Its embankment, 10 metres high and about 200 metres broad at its base, involved shifting some twenty million cubic metres of earth.
The system of weights and measures was somewhat idiosyncratic, though the inscriptions link it more or less to an Indian model. For example, the area of a paddy field was measured according to the number of casts of seed needed to sow it. Coinage did not exist, and the few coins found at Oc_Eo, apparently of foreign origin, do not indicate a currency in general use at this early period. Barter trade was the norm and is attested in numerous inscriptions. Larger transactions were paid for by the appropriate weight of gold or silver. Coins only made their appearance in the 16th century under thee influence of the Spaniards, who also named the unit of currency, the riel bing only a slight modification of the Spanish rial.
Transport was on foot or in a cart or palanquin, and perhaps most often, as in recent times, by boat along the many rivers during the wet season, or on the canals and the Great Lake. There does not seem to have been an organised network of canals linking the rivers, but there was a well-maintained system of main roads, lined with trees to provide shade, such as the road from Angkor to the site of Preah Khan at Kompong Svay (Known as the 'great' Preah Khan temple). The route visible nowadays, with its striking monumental bides, is probably not earlier than the thirteenth century. Other stretches of early roads have been identified. They were used for the great royal progresses of the cool season, when the
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