Small-scale reactors (<10 l) have also been employed because
they are easier to handle, less expensive and easier to control than
large-scale reactors or full-scale systems (Petiot and de Guardia,
2004). They have been used to evaluate substrate compostability
(Hu et al., 2009) or process suitability (Körner et al., 2003), define
parameters for mathematical models (Sánchez Arias et al., 2011)
and investigate the fate of specific compounds (Zenjari et al.,
2006). Indeed, the miniaturisation of the process is required when
the behaviour of pollutants is studied using radiolabeled chemicals
due to the limited amount of necessary materials and the ability to
control output gazes (Reid et al., 2002). Nevertheless, the experimental
simulation of the composting at a small scale is not obvious
because the mass of the organic matter involved in the process
may not be large enough to reproduce heat generation and transfer
and the resulting thermal inertia of full-scale systems (Mason and
Milke, 2005). A small size of reactor may also limit potential sampling
during the entire process (Hesnawi and McCartney, 2006). In
small-volume reactors, a rapid decrease of temperature is usually
observed because of the limited amounts of organic substrates
and heat losses, contrasting with the slow and gradual decline in
temperature of full-scale composting (Petiot and de Guardia,
2004).
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