Successful implementation of historical approach requires suitable curriculum material.
Textbooks already include historical content (see e.g. Niaz and Rodriguez 2001), but this
content often offers distorted information about NOS (Niaz 2010). Although designing
NOS-related curriculum material is an effective method for training teachers to teach NOS
(see Lederman et al. 2012; Lin and Chen 2002; Vesterinen and Aksela 2013), it would be
unrealistic to expect each science teacher to create all curriculum material he or she needs
for using historical approach. Currently teachers see the lack of suitable curriculum
material as one of the major obstacles for implementing historical approach (Ho¨ttecke and
Silva 2011; Ho¨ttecke et al. 2012).
There have been number of research and development projects that have produced
research based curriculum materials for using historical approach to teach nature of science
(see e.g. Clough 2011; Ho¨ttecke and Riess 2009). The goal of this study is to describe the
characteristics of the currently available research based lesson plans for using historical
approach to teach NOS in chemistry lessons. Description of the common and unique
characteristics of the currently available curricula material contributes to our understanding
about the elements one has to take into consideration in creating curricula material that
utilizes historical approach.
Three research questions guiding the analysis of the lesson plans were:
1. What NOS content is included in the lesson plans?
2. How historical experiments are used to teach NOS?
3. How historical narratives are used in the lesson plans?
To answer these questions, previous literature on historical approach is studied together
with available material. In Sect. 2, different teaching models suggested for historical
approach in the literature are studied. The use of historical narratives and their role in
historical approach is discussed. In Sect. 3, the focus is narrowed on chemistry education at
secondary level. In Sect. 3.1 four sources for chemistry lesson plans that use historical
approach are described. In Sect. 3.2 the method of analyzing the NOS content, historical
experiments and historical narratives in the chemistry lesson is described. Section 4 presents
the results of the analysis of the lesson plans and three examples of different uses of
historical approach. In Sect. 5, recommendations for the focus of future projects supporting
implementation of historical approach in chemistry education are presented.
Successful implementation of historical approach requires suitable curriculum material.
Textbooks already include historical content (see e.g. Niaz and Rodriguez 2001), but this
content often offers distorted information about NOS (Niaz 2010). Although designing
NOS-related curriculum material is an effective method for training teachers to teach NOS
(see Lederman et al. 2012; Lin and Chen 2002; Vesterinen and Aksela 2013), it would be
unrealistic to expect each science teacher to create all curriculum material he or she needs
for using historical approach. Currently teachers see the lack of suitable curriculum
material as one of the major obstacles for implementing historical approach (Ho¨ttecke and
Silva 2011; Ho¨ttecke et al. 2012).
There have been number of research and development projects that have produced
research based curriculum materials for using historical approach to teach nature of science
(see e.g. Clough 2011; Ho¨ttecke and Riess 2009). The goal of this study is to describe the
characteristics of the currently available research based lesson plans for using historical
approach to teach NOS in chemistry lessons. Description of the common and unique
characteristics of the currently available curricula material contributes to our understanding
about the elements one has to take into consideration in creating curricula material that
utilizes historical approach.
Three research questions guiding the analysis of the lesson plans were:
1. What NOS content is included in the lesson plans?
2. How historical experiments are used to teach NOS?
3. How historical narratives are used in the lesson plans?
To answer these questions, previous literature on historical approach is studied together
with available material. In Sect. 2, different teaching models suggested for historical
approach in the literature are studied. The use of historical narratives and their role in
historical approach is discussed. In Sect. 3, the focus is narrowed on chemistry education at
secondary level. In Sect. 3.1 four sources for chemistry lesson plans that use historical
approach are described. In Sect. 3.2 the method of analyzing the NOS content, historical
experiments and historical narratives in the chemistry lesson is described. Section 4 presents
the results of the analysis of the lesson plans and three examples of different uses of
historical approach. In Sect. 5, recommendations for the focus of future projects supporting
implementation of historical approach in chemistry education are presented.
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