In this chapter, the different extraction procedures used to determine carotenoids and vitamins in foods are discussed. The main extraction protocols and application for the different types of food carotenoids (carotenes and xanthophylls) and vitamins (fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins) are discussed. In addition, new developments in the field of extraction techniques applied to the extraction of carotenoids and vitamins are reviewed and compared with the classic protocols. The goal is to provide the reader with a broad view of the different extraction protocols and techniques that are currently used to extract and determine carotenoids and vitamins from foods.