1.6. Future vaccine research
During the global eradication of smallpox, a wealth of epidemi-ologic data was collected. These data have subsequently informedpublic health practices regarding response strategies to outbreaksof OPXV-associated diseases. However, in the absence of smallpoxdisease, evaluating the efficacy of newer medical countermea-sures – to include 2nd and 3rd generation as well as subunit vaccines – will likely depend on information derived from lab-oratory, rather than clinical, research [16,27]. The developmentand utilization of surrogate models will play an important rolein the testing of newer vaccines for efficacy in both prophylac-tic and post-exposure/post-challenge scenarios against systemicOPXV infections [