In this paper, we analyze an 18-event dataset of soil loss measurements under natural conditions in a Mediterranean vineyard area belonging to a long-term environmental research observatory called OMERE (Mediterranean Observatory of Water and Rural Environments). Measurements are performed separately at the field scale under two soil management systems and at the catchment scale. The objectives of this paper are to discuss (i) the impact of soil management (superficial tillage vs. no-tillage with chemical weeding) on erosion response and (ii) the difference in erosion rates between small fields and the catchment scale.