the biosphere (Wolterbeek, 2002). The relevant information in bio-monitoring is commonly deduced from either changes in the behavior of the monitored organism or from the concentration of specific substances in the tissues of the monitored organism. The quantitative information may be defined as a measure of inte-grated exposure of exposed organisms/materials over a certain amount of time (Smodiš and Bleise, 2002). Honey bees readily fly up to 4 km in all directions from their apiary and thus have access to an area of about 50 km2. They therefore represent an excellent
system of small samplers (Hoopingarner and Waller, 1993).The possibility of using honeybees as bioindicators of environ-
mental pollution takes advantage of the large areas that they can cover where they live, and the detection of the presence of many contaminants in their ambient environment. While mechanical instruments give more precise values, honeybees and their prod-ucts provide data over the full area that they cover during foraging. According to Wolterbeek (2002), the relative ease of sampling, the absence of any need for complicated and expensive technical