Challenges associated with the control of air pollution over the coming decades are complex and are likely to require mitigation strategies. These strategies not only require the understanding of the dispersion and interaction of multiple pollutants over national and international airsheds but also of the effects on human health and ecosystem conditions that arise from simultaneous exposure to multiple pollutants. Designing air pollution control systems and selecting the best air pollution control equipment requires engineering knowledge, which may be beyond the grasp of many safety professionals and is also beyond the scope of one chapter. However, an understanding of basic technological concepts and terms is essential for ensuring pollution control, productivity, investment, and energy efficiency