Assessment Delivery Layer
As the name implies, in the assessment delivery layer the test is
administered and scored. ECD views assessment delivery as generally
consisting of four processes, referred to as the four-process
architecture: 1) Activity Selection, 2) Presentation, 3) Response
Processing, and 4) Summary Scoring (Almond, Steinberg, & Mislevy,
2002).
Activity selection. In the activity selection process, tasks are
selected to be presented to the test taker. The selection proceeds
according to rules to ensure that the assembly model (see above) is
implemented. In traditional linear testing, all of the selection
activities can take place before the test is administered. In linear
“on-the-fly” testing, tasks are selected as the test taker is responding, but
earlier responses to tasks have no effect on later selection of tasks. In
adaptive testing, the responses to earlier tasks affect the selection of
later tasks. In one common system of adaptive testing, correct
responses to earlier tasks lead to the presentation of more difficult
tasks; incorrect responses to earlier tasks lead to the presentation of
less difficult tasks. The goal is to select the most appropriate items
for the ability level of the individual test taker while also
implementing the content and skills portion of the assembly model,
as the test is being administered. (See Stocking & Swanson, 1993, for
an example of an adaptive algorithm that meets content and skills
constraints.)
Assessment Delivery LayerAs the name implies, in the assessment delivery layer the test isadministered and scored. ECD views assessment delivery as generallyconsisting of four processes, referred to as the four-processarchitecture: 1) Activity Selection, 2) Presentation, 3) ResponseProcessing, and 4) Summary Scoring (Almond, Steinberg, & Mislevy,2002).Activity selection. In the activity selection process, tasks areselected to be presented to the test taker. The selection proceedsaccording to rules to ensure that the assembly model (see above) isimplemented. In traditional linear testing, all of the selectionactivities can take place before the test is administered. In linear “on-the-fly” testing, tasks are selected as the test taker is responding, butearlier responses to tasks have no effect on later selection of tasks. Inadaptive testing, the responses to earlier tasks affect the selection oflater tasks. In one common system of adaptive testing, correctresponses to earlier tasks lead to the presentation of more difficulttasks; incorrect responses to earlier tasks lead to the presentation ofless difficult tasks. The goal is to select the most appropriate itemsfor the ability level of the individual test taker while alsoimplementing the content and skills portion of the assembly model,as the test is being administered. (See Stocking & Swanson, 1993, foran example of an adaptive algorithm that meets content and skillsข้อจำกัดต่าง ๆ)
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
