Materials, Dyeing of the Samples and Color Yield
Measurement
Samples of 100% bleached (no optical brightener)
cotton fabric (128 g/m2), weighing 2g each were dyed
according to the Taguchi experimental design with
two levels, namely level 1 (minimum value) and level
2 (maximum value) for each of the control factors.
The control factors affect the response. The six diazo
direct dyes chosen for this work were as follows:
C. I. Direct Blue 67 and C. I. Direct Red 31
As previously mentioned, in the direct dyeing
process, the main factors that affected the color yield
were the dye and electrolyte concentration and the
time and temperature of the dyeing. It is worth
mentioning that the water hardness, in the levels of 1
for hard water (hardness =195 ppm) and 2 for soft
water (hardness 40 ppm), was chosen as an
uncontrollable factor. Based on the results obtained
by Zavare et al. [14], we have assumed that the
brainstorming sessions have led to the conclusion that
for the red dyes, only the four main effects as well as
the four interaction effects (dye concentration &
time, dye concentration & electrolyte concentration,
electrolyte concentration & time and temperature &
time ) were significant. This led to ten degrees of
freedom requiring the L12 Taguchi scheme. Similarly
(Class A)
C. I. Direct Blue 1 and C. I. Direct Red 224
(Class B)
C. I. Direct Blue 2 and C. I. Direct Red 23
(Class C)
Materials, Dyeing of the Samples and Color YieldMeasurementSamples of 100% bleached (no optical brightener)cotton fabric (128 g/m2), weighing 2g each were dyedaccording to the Taguchi experimental design withtwo levels, namely level 1 (minimum value) and level2 (maximum value) for each of the control factors.The control factors affect the response. The six diazodirect dyes chosen for this work were as follows: C. I. Direct Blue 67 and C. I. Direct Red 31As previously mentioned, in the direct dyeingprocess, the main factors that affected the color yieldwere the dye and electrolyte concentration and thetime and temperature of the dyeing. It is worthmentioning that the water hardness, in the levels of 1for hard water (hardness =195 ppm) and 2 for softwater (hardness 40 ppm), was chosen as anuncontrollable factor. Based on the results obtainedby Zavare et al. [14], we have assumed that thebrainstorming sessions have led to the conclusion thatfor the red dyes, only the four main effects as well asthe four interaction effects (dye concentration &time, dye concentration & electrolyte concentration,electrolyte concentration & time and temperature &time ) were significant. This led to ten degrees offreedom requiring the L12 Taguchi scheme. Similarly(Class A) C. I. Direct Blue 1 and C. I. Direct Red 224(Class B) C. I. Direct Blue 2 and C. I. Direct Red 23(Class C)
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