The evidence from this 3-year study suggests that a technological innovation can serve as a change agent. We were able to observe significant differences in teaching approaches and student behavior during the first year when the laptop classrooms were compared to traditional classrooms. As the classroom environments became more similar in Years 2 and 3, we observed fewer differences but consistent use of teaching approaches and student behaviors that commensurate with the NTeQ approach. The results were classrooms that were transformed from teacher-directed to student-centered classrooms.