leadership by advocating that a primary responsibility of leaders
was to develop followers into leaders themselves. His work helped
di erentiate between the concepts of leader and leadership, with
the former re ecting a position and the latter representing a
collaborative process. Building on Burns’ work, transformational
leadership (Bass, 1985; Bass and Riggio, 2006) focuses on how
the leader a ects followers by increasing their awareness of the
importance and value of their tasks, helping them focus on
collective goals and motivating them through their higher-order
needs.