Financial institutions, defense contractors, and various intelligence agencies store especially valuable data. Therefore, they often need to employ much more elaborate physical access control measures than those used by most other organizations. One such technique involves the use of specially designed rooms called man-traps. These rooms serve as an entryway to the data center. They typically contain two doors, each of which uses multiple authentication methods to control access. For example, entry to the first door may require booth insertion of an ID card or smart card into a reader as well as entering an identification code into a keypad.