Related to job satisfaction is job involvement , 10 which measures
the degree to which people identify psychologically with their job and consider
their perceived performance level important to self-worth. 11 Employees with
a high level of job involvement strongly identify with and really care about the kind
of work they do. Another closely related concept is psychological empowerment ,
employees’ beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment,
their competence, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy.
12 One study of nursing managers in Singapore found that good leaders
empower their employees by involving them in decisions, making them feel their
work is important, and giving them discretion to “do their own thing.” 13
High levels of both job involvement and psychological empowerment are
positively related to organizational citizenship and job performance. 14 High job
involvement is also related to reduced absences and lower resignation rates. 15