The addition of the ‘periphyton loop’ in
aquaculture ponds can be accomplished by adding static
substrates to the pond (Azim et al., 2005), such as poles
horizontally planted in the ponds. Substrates used are
bamboo, hizol and kanchi (Azim et al., 2002, 2003c).
Since periphyton can be easily cultured in modified fishponds
and demands little management, the benefits may
be substantial.