As a robustness check, we test whether the predictive content of aggregate accounting earnings growth for future GDP growth is incremental to that of well-known leading indicators. To do so, Table 5 extends the right-hand side of our regression models of future GDP growth and future GDP growth forecast errors in (1) and (3), respectively, to include the following control variables: Yieldq, the yield on the one-year constant maturity Treasury bill (T-bill) measured one month after quarter q ends; Spreadq, the yield on the ten-year constant maturity Treasury bond minus the yield on the one-year constant maturity T-bill measured one month after quarter q ends; and Returnq, the quarterly buy-and-hold stock market return.