CULTURE-BLIND NO MORE?
May 6th, 2010
The most obvious meaning of crashing equities and the euro these days is that the financial system is still too laden with debt. A deeper meaning is that we are beginning to acknowledge cultural differences again.
Proponents of European monetary union a decade ago thought that cultural differences between northern and southern Europe were small enough and getting smaller. Given the worsening state of Greek finances, it is now clear that they were not just wrong, but in denial. Northern Europeans lately have been candid about this, even over here. German economics professor Joachim Starbatty wrote in a recent New York Times op-ed that the current monetary union is the product of a “grand illusion” concerning the cultural unity of Europe and that “the only way to avoid further harm to the global economy is for Germany to lead its fellow stable states [i.e., thrifty Protestant states] out of the euro and into a new and stronger currency bloc.”
Discussions of cultural differences are apt to be embarrassing. Culture overlaps so strongly with ethnicity that we are often confused about where cultural criticism ends and racism begins. Either way there is the sense of letting out an ancient impulse to stereotype and insult the other tribe. I think it is fair to say that for the past few generations we have been in a retreat from this sort of thinking – partly in reaction to the extremes it reached in 1930s Europe and Japan, partly to atone for the apartheid practiced in the U.S. until the 60s, and partly so that multi-ethnic Western societies may now be safely united under the gray flag of consumerism. When we acknowledge our “cultural differences” nowadays we tend to mean superficial differences in cuisine and dress and music, rather than, say, differences in impulse control, savings rates, and rates of violent crime.
But now the pendulum may be swinging back. And arguably it is healthier for people to be more conscious of how they do behave, and how they should behave, so they can figure out how best to get from one to the other – an effort that, as they say, “takes a village.” Western societies have been drifting in this regard for a long time, leaving the job of culture-craft to commercial media, whose freedom is constitutionally protected and whose chief interest is to encourage traits that merely boost consumption. I doubt that such traits are healthy in any humane sense, or are even sustainable.
I also wonder how far Western societies, and particularly the U.S., can go to remedy this. The American bias towards individual and commercial rights, at the expense of what one might call community or cultural rights, can be traced back to the founders of the country. These men deliberately refrained from setting up a state institution to promote a preferred culture. Partly that was because the cultures in the early states differed, and partly it was because the founders took such things as cultural institutions for granted; perhaps they assumed that existing churches and civic associations would suffice. Evidently those institutions didn’t suffice, but were eroded over time by the liberties the founders were more concerned to establish and protect.
So it will be interesting to see how far the pendulum does swing back. Maybe it won’t, and maybe it is unrealistic to think that cultures can be indefinitely self-correcting. Maybe we should accept that cultures, like species, are fated always to drift towards extinction. But if modern societies are to revive their cultures in a deliberate and sustainable way, the dismantling of “culture blind” institutions such as the European monetary union is probably a good first step.
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