Urbanization, that is, the development of cities, is not new. It has been happening for centuries. Although there were cities at least 4,000 years ago, they were much smaller than today. There were many more people living in the countryside than in cities. It was only in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that more people started to move into cities. However, some European cities had quite large populations before this. For example, London in 1377 had a population of approximately 200,000. In 1800, only 15.6 million people lived in cities of over 100,000 people, but by 1950 this number was over 300 million.
Although different countries have urbanized at different points throughout history, the reasons remain the same. The growth of cities in Europe happened as a result of the Industrial Revolution. London was one of the first cities in modern times to reach over one million residents. Today there are many cities in developing countries that are growing much faster. In China, 49% of the population still lives in the countryside, but there are now over 150 cities with a population of over one million, and people are still continuing to move to urban areas for work.
Unfortunately, there are some places where urbanization is not controlled. Slums, that is, areas of a city with poor quality housing, are common. There is a big problem in Mumbai in India, which has the world’s biggest slum. There are over 600,000 people living there. There are few toilets, and no clean water or other basic facilities. As a result, there are many health problems.
Urbanization, that is, the development of cities, is not new. It has been happening for centuries. Although there were cities at least 4,000 years ago, they were much smaller than today. There were many more people living in the countryside than in cities. It was only in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that more people started to move into cities. However, some European cities had quite large populations before this. For example, London in 1377 had a population of approximately 200,000. In 1800, only 15.6 million people lived in cities of over 100,000 people, but by 1950 this number was over 300 million.
Although different countries have urbanized at different points throughout history, the reasons remain the same. The growth of cities in Europe happened as a result of the Industrial Revolution. London was one of the first cities in modern times to reach over one million residents. Today there are many cities in developing countries that are growing much faster. In China, 49% of the population still lives in the countryside, but there are now over 150 cities with a population of over one million, and people are still continuing to move to urban areas for work.
Unfortunately, there are some places where urbanization is not controlled. Slums, that is, areas of a city with poor quality housing, are common. There is a big problem in Mumbai in India, which has the world’s biggest slum. There are over 600,000 people living there. There are few toilets, and no clean water or other basic facilities. As a result, there are many health problems.
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