Candiduria is rarely present in healthy individuals. In contrast, it is a common finding in hospitalized patients,
especially those in intensive care units (ICUs) who often have multiple predisposing factors, including diabetes
mellitus, indwelling urinary catheters, and exposure to antimicrobials. Candiduria occurs much less commonly
in the community setting. In a majority of episodes in adult patients in critical care facilities candiduria
represents colonization, and antifungal therapy is not required. However, the presence of yeast in the urine can
be a sign of a disseminated infection. In the critically ill newborn, candiduria often reflects disseminated
candidiasis and is accompanied by obstructing fungus ball formation in the urinary tract. In ICU patients,
although candiduria is a marker for increased mortality, it is only rarely attributable toCandidaurinary tract
infection.