Ethylene (produced by all plants) is a plant growth hormone and has a detrimental impact even at low concentrations on the quality and shelf-life of many fruits and vegetables during storage and distribution. Ethylene induces fruit ripening and accelerates fruit softening and ageing. There are several methods used by the horticultural industry to minimize the impact of ethylene during storage and distribution. The two major methods are:
1. Low temperatures of storage: reduces the production of ethylene by lowering respiration and metabolic rates of the produce.
2. Controlled atmospheric storage with low oxygen and high level of carbon dioxide: suppresses respiration rates and renders the produce less sensitive to the effects of ethylene. There is a need to generate varying concentrations of carbon dioxide to suit specific food requirements. Since carbon dioxide is more permeable through plastic films than is oxygen, carbon dioxide will need to be actively produced in some applications to maintain the desired atmosphere in the package.
Packaging technologies with an aim to scavenge or absorb ethylene from the surrounding environment of packaged produce have also been developed. The most widely used ethylene-scavenging packaging technology is based on a sachet that contains either potassium permanganate or activated carbon with a metal catalyst. Several ethylene-removing plastic film-based products consisting of PE impregnated with finely dispersed minerals like clays, zeolites and carbon have been developed. Oxygen scavengers can be incorporated in the packaging system itself rather than being added as sachets or labels as seen above. The oxygen scavenger can be incorporated into crowns, cans and a variety of metal and plastic closures. A novel plastic-based ethylene-scavenging technology developed by Food Science Australia is based on irreversible and specific reaction between diene (Tetrazine) and ethylene. Tetrazine is colored while its product with ethylene is colorless. This feature can provide the indication of the residual ethylene scavenging activity. The disadvantage however is that Tetrazine is sensitive to moisture. Another alternative approach is to use of ethylene inhibitors such as 1-methylcylcopropene (1-MCP). 1-MCP binds to the ethylene receptors in plant tissue and, as a result prevents the hormonal action of ethylene. However, it requires a dedicated fumigation chamber. A chemical reagent, incorporated into the packaging film, traps the ethylene produced by ripening fruit or vegetables. The reaction is irreversible and only small quantities of the scavenger are required to remove ethylene at the concentrations at which it is produced.
เอทิลีน (ผลิต โดยโรงงานทั้งหมด) เป็นฮอร์โมนการเจริญเติบโต และมีผลกระทบผลดีแม้ที่ความเข้มข้นต่ำคุณภาพและอายุการเก็บรักษาผักและผลไม้ในระหว่างการจัดเก็บและกระจายสินค้า เอทิลีนแท้จริง ripening ผลไม้ และผลไม้นุ่มนวล และอายุที่เพิ่มความเร็ว มีหลายวิธีที่ใช้ผลผลิตทางอุตสาหกรรมเพื่อลดผลกระทบของเอทิลีนในระหว่างการจัดเก็บและกระจายสินค้า มีสองวิธีหลัก: 1. ต่ำอุณหภูมิของที่เก็บ: ลดการผลิตเอทิลีนการลดการหายใจและอัตราการเผาผลาญการผลิต 2. ควบคุมจัดเก็บบรรยากาศ มีออกซิเจนต่ำและมีระดับของก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์: ไม่ใส่อัตราการหายใจ และทำให้การผลิตไม่ตรงตามผลของเอทิลีนการ มีความจำเป็นในการสร้างแตกต่างความเข้มข้นของก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์เพื่อให้เหมาะกับความต้องการอาหารเฉพาะ เนื่องจากก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์มากขึ้น permeable ผ่านฟิล์มพลาสติกกว่าออกซิเจน ก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จะต้องผลิตอย่างในโปรแกรมประยุกต์บางโปรแกรมจะรักษาบรรยากาศที่ระบุในแพคเกจ Packaging technologies with an aim to scavenge or absorb ethylene from the surrounding environment of packaged produce have also been developed. The most widely used ethylene-scavenging packaging technology is based on a sachet that contains either potassium permanganate or activated carbon with a metal catalyst. Several ethylene-removing plastic film-based products consisting of PE impregnated with finely dispersed minerals like clays, zeolites and carbon have been developed. Oxygen scavengers can be incorporated in the packaging system itself rather than being added as sachets or labels as seen above. The oxygen scavenger can be incorporated into crowns, cans and a variety of metal and plastic closures. A novel plastic-based ethylene-scavenging technology developed by Food Science Australia is based on irreversible and specific reaction between diene (Tetrazine) and ethylene. Tetrazine is colored while its product with ethylene is colorless. This feature can provide the indication of the residual ethylene scavenging activity. The disadvantage however is that Tetrazine is sensitive to moisture. Another alternative approach is to use of ethylene inhibitors such as 1-methylcylcopropene (1-MCP). 1-MCP binds to the ethylene receptors in plant tissue and, as a result prevents the hormonal action of ethylene. However, it requires a dedicated fumigation chamber. A chemical reagent, incorporated into the packaging film, traps the ethylene produced by ripening fruit or vegetables. The reaction is irreversible and only small quantities of the scavenger are required to remove ethylene at the concentrations at which it is produced.
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