While both ideas have value, I think strong ethical leadership would be more effective than written code and ethics training. Considering the leaders are the ones who build the organization’s culture, they would also be the ones hiring new management and employees, so hopefully they would use their strong ethics to decide who and who not to hire. Ideally, this would create an environment of strong ethical people. However, even if they didn’t there’s an old proverb, “lead by example,” and even unethical people under ethical management will most likely follow the example they are given.