Both makrut leaf oil and makrut oil exhibited an- tibacterial properties for all bacteria tested by the disc- diffusion method, especially against M. catarrhalis (Fig. 2). The MIC and MBC of makrut leaf oil and makrut oil were lowest against M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae (indicating best activity), followed by S. pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp., A. baumannii, MSSA, and MRSA, respectively (Table 1). Taken together, the MIC of makrut leaf oil was in the range of 0.06–68 mg/ml and that for makrut oil was 0.03– 17.40 mg/ml. Although the MIC and MBC varied among tested bacteria, the MIC in most cases was