Method 2: For immobilization of Lactobacillus during coincubation with G. xylinus, the HeS medium was simultaneously inoculated with G. xylinus and Lactobacillus at a ratio1:100, respectively. The concentration of each microorganism amounted to 0.5McFarland (1.5 108 CFU/mL). In this experiment two different cultures were prepared: (a) stationary cultures which were carried out in 50 mL tubes (Polypropylene Conical Centrifuge Tube, Becton Dickinson and Company) in which BC pellicles were synthesized as a pellicle on the medium surface