Thisstudywasperformedtodeterminethe

Thisstudywasperformedtodeterminetheefficacyofthreeimmunomodulatorsviz.,b-1,3glucan, chitosanandraffinoseontheinnateimmuneresponseofkoi,Cyprinuscarpiokoi.Koisweredividedinto 4groupsandeachgroupwasfedwithdietssupplementedwithorwithoutimmunostimulantfor56 days.Totalleukocytecounts(WBC),thenon-specifichumoral(lysozyme,alternativecomplement pathwayandsuperoxidedismutase)andcellular(phagocyticcapacityandrespiratoryburstactivity) responsesweredeterminedandcomparedwithcontrols(nosupplement)after7,14,21and56daysof feeding.Theresultsof8weeksfeedingtrialshowedthatb-1,3glucansupplementationsignificantly enhancedkoigrowth,whereasotherimmunostimulantsdidnot.Variationinthelevelsofresponses wasevidentamongdifferentsupplements.Comparedwithchitosanorraffinose,b-1,3glucancould maintaintheimmunityofkoisatahigherlevelduringtheexperimentalperiod.However,continuously applyingb-1,3glucan,chitosanorraffinoseintothedietcausedimmunityfatigueinkoi.Nosignificant changeinalternativecomplementpathway(ACP)activitywasobservedforanyofthethreesupplements overthefourdifferentperiods.Afterfeedingfor14days,thetotalleukocytecount(WBC),respiratory burstactivityandsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)activityofthekoisfedwithchitosanorraffinose continuouslyremainedrelativelyunchanged,subsequentlydecreasedonthe56thday,butSODdidnot. Meanwhile,lysozymeactivitywasnolongersignificantlyhigheronthe7thday,andforphagocytic capacityonthe14thday.After56days,thesethreeimmunostimulantsgroupsalsoexhibitedadecrease inthecumulativesymptomratescomparedtothecontrolswhenchallengedwithAeromonasveronii. Theseresultsindicatedthatdietaryintakecontainingimmunostimulantscouldenhancetheimmune responsesofkoiandimproveitsresistancetoinfectionbyA.veronii.Especiallysupplementationwith b-1,3glucantothekoisfor56daysshowedconsiderableimprovementinthegrowth,survivaland immuneresponseofthekois. 2011E

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 1:

Thisstudywasperformedtodeterminetheefficacyofthreeimmunomodulatorsviz. b-1, 3glucan, chitosanandraffinoseontheinnateimmuneresponseofkoi,Cyprinuscarpiokoi.Koisweredividedinto 4groupsandeachgroupwasfedwithdietssupplementedwithorwithoutimmunostimulantfor56 วันTotalleukocytecounts (WBC) thenon specifichumoral (lysozyme, alternativecomplement pathwayandsuperoxidedismutase)andcellular(phagocyticcapacityandrespiratoryburstactivity) responsesweredeterminedandcomparedwithcontrols (nosupplement) after7, 21and56daysof 14 อาหารTheresultsof8weeksfeedingtrialshowedthatb-1, 3glucansupplementationsignificantly enhancedkoigrowth, whereasotherimmunostimulantsdidnotVariationinthelevelsofresponses wasevidentamongdifferentsupplements.Comparedwithchitosanorraffinose,b-1, 3glucancould maintaintheimmunityofkoisatahigherlevelduringtheexperimentalperiodอย่างไรก็ตาม อย่างต่อเนื่อง applyingb-1, 3glucan, chitosanorraffinoseintothedietcausedimmunityfatigueinkoiNosignificant changeinalternativecomplementpathway (ACP) activitywasobservedforanyofthethreesupplements overthefourdifferentperiodsAfterfeedingfor14days, thetotalleukocytecount (WBC), หายใจ burstactivityandsuperoxidedismutase (สด) activityofthekoisfedwithchitosanorraffinose continuouslyremainedrelativelyunchanged, subsequentlydecreasedonthe56thday, butSODdidnot ในขณะเดียวกัน lysozymeactivitywasnolongersignificantlyhigheronthe7thday, andforphagocytic capacityonthe14thdayAfter56days, thesethreeimmunostimulantsgroupsalsoexhibitedadecrease inthecumulativesymptomratescomparedtothecontrolswhenchallengedwithAeromonasveronii Theseresultsindicatedthatdietaryintakecontainingimmunostimulantscouldenhancetheimmune responsesofkoiandimproveitsresistancetoinfectionbyA.veronii.Especiallysupplementationwith b-1, 3glucantothekoisfor56daysshowedconsiderableimprovementinthegrowth, survivaland immuneresponseofthekois 2011E

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 2:

Thisstudywasperformedtodeterminetheefficacyofthreeimmunomodulatorsviz., B-1,3glucan, chitosanandraffinoseontheinnateimmuneresponseofkoi, Cyprinuscarpiokoi.Koisweredividedinto 4groupsandeachgroupwasfedwithdietssupplementedwithorwithoutimmunostimulantfor56 days.Totalleukocytecounts (WBC) Thenon-specifichumoral (lysozyme, alternativecomplement pathwayandsuperoxidedismutase) andcellular (phagocyticcapacityandrespiratoryburstactivity) responsesweredeterminedandcomparedwithcontrols (nosupplement) after7,14,21and56daysof feeding.Theresultsof8weeksfeedingtrialshowedthatb-1, 3glucansupplementationsignificantly enhancedkoigrowth, whereasotherimmunostimulantsdidnot.Variationinthelevelsofresponses wasevidentamongdifferentsupplements.Comparedwithchitosanorraffinose, maintaintheimmunityofkoisatahigherlevelduringtheexperimentalperiod.However B-1,3glucancould อย่างต่อเนื่อง applyingb-1,3glucan, chitosanorraffinoseintothedietcausedimmunityfatigueinkoi.Nosignificant changeinalternativecomplementpathway (ACP) activitywasobservedforanyofthethreesupplements overthefourdifferentperiods.Afterfeedingfor14days, thetotalleukocytecount (WBC) burstactivityandsuperoxidedismutase ระบบทางเดินหายใจ (SOD) activityofthekoisfedwithchitosanorraffinose continuouslyremainedrelativelyunchanged , subsequentlydecreasedonthe56thday, butSODdidnot ในขณะเดียวกัน lysozymeactivitywasnolongersignificantlyhigheronthe7thday, capacityonthe14thday.After56days andforphagocytic, thesethreeimmunostimulantsgroupsalsoexhibitedadecrease inthecumulativesymptomratescomparedtothecontrolswhenchallengedwithAeromonasveronii Theseresultsindicatedthatdietaryintakecontainingimmunostimulantscouldenhancetheimmune responsesofkoiandimproveitsresistancetoinfectionbyA.veronii.Especiallysupplementationwith B-1,3glucantothekoisfor56daysshowedconsiderableimprovementinthegrowth, immuneresponseofthekois survivaland 2011E

ผลลัพธ์ (ไทย) 3:

thisstudywasperformedtodeterminetheefficacyofthreeimmunomodulatorsviz . b-1,3glucan chitosanandraffinoseontheinnateimmuneresponseofkoi cyprinuscarpiokoi.koisweredividedinto , , 4groupsandeachgroupwasfedwithdietssupplementedwithorwithoutimmunostimulantfor56 วัน totalleukocytecounts ( WBC ) thenon specifichumoral ไลโซไซม์ ( ,alternativecomplement pathwayandsuperoxidedismutase ) andcellular ( phagocyticcapacityandrespiratoryburstactivity ) responsesweredeterminedandcomparedwithcontrols ( nosupplement ) after7,14,21and56daysof ให้อาหาร theresultsof8weeksfeedingtrialshowedthatb-1,3glucansupplementationsignificantly enhancedkoigrowth whereasotherimmunostimulantsdidnot , .variationinthelevelsofresponses wasevidentamongdifferentsupplements . comparedwithchitosanorraffinose b-1,3glucancould , maintaintheimmunityofkoisatahigherlevelduringtheexperimentalperiod อย่างไรก็ตาม applyingb-1,3glucan chitosanorraffinoseintothedietcausedimmunityfatigueinkoi อย่างต่อเนื่อง , .ไม่ changeinalternativecomplementpathway ( ACP ) activitywasobservedforanyofthethreesupplements overthefourdifferentperiods . afterfeedingfor14days thetotalleukocytecount ( WBC ) , ทางเดินหายใจ , burstactivityandsuperoxidedismutase ( SOD ) activityofthekoisfedwithchitosanorraffinose continuouslyremainedrelativelyunchanged subsequentlydecreasedonthe56thday butsoddidnot , , . ในขณะเดียวกันlysozymeactivitywasnolongersignificantlyhigheronthe7thday andforphagocytic , capacityonthe14thday . after56days thesethreeimmunostimulantsgroupsalsoexhibitedadecrease , inthecumulativesymptomratescomparedtothecontrolswhenchallengedwithaeromonasveronii . theseresultsindicatedthatdietaryintakecontainingimmunostimulantscouldenhancetheimmune responsesofkoiandimproveitsresistancetoinfectionbya.veronii .especiallysupplementationwith b-1,3glucantothekoisfor56daysshowedconsiderableimprovementinthegrowth survivaland , immuneresponseofthekois . 2011e