Earlier, we showed how to develop inventory policies using quantitative techniques. There are
also some very practical considerations that should be incorporated into the inplementation of
inventory decisions, such as ABC analysis.
The purpose of ABC analysis is to divide all of a company's inventory items into three
groups (group A, group B, and group C) based on the overall inventory value of the items. A
prudent manager should spend more time managing those items representing the greatest dollar
inventory cost because this is where the greatest potential savings are. A brief description of
each group follows, with general guidelines as to how to categorize items.
The inventory items in the A group account for a major portion of the inventory costs of
the organization. As s result, their inventory levels must be monitored carefully. These items
typically make up more than 70% of the company's business in dollars, but may consist to the company.
Thus, great care should be taken in forecasting the demand and developing good inventory management
policies for this group of item (refer to Table 6.8), Since there are relatively few of
these, the time involved would not be excessive.
The items in the B group are typically moderately priced items and represent much less
investment than the A items. Thus, it may not be appropriate to spend as much time developing
optimal inventory policies for this group as with the a group since these inventory costs are
much lower. Typically, the group B items represent 20% of the company's business in dolars.
and about 20% of the items in inventory.
The items in the C group are the very low-cost items that represent very little in terms of the
total dollars invested in inventory. These items may constitute only 10% of the company's business
in dollars, but they may consist of 70% of the items in inventory. From a cost-benefit perspective,
it would not be good to spend as much time managing these items as the A and B items.
For the group C items, the company should develop a very simple inventory policy, and this
may include a relatively large safety stock. Since the items cost very little, the holding cost associated
with a large safety stock will also be very low, more care should be taken in determining
the safety stock with the higher priced group B items. For the very expensive group A items, the
cost of carrying the inventory is so hight, it is beneficial to carefully analyze the demand for these
so that safety stock is at an appropriate level. Otherwise, the company may have exceedingly
high holding costs for the group A items.
Earlier, we showed how to develop inventory policies using quantitative techniques. There are
also some very practical considerations that should be incorporated into the inplementation of
inventory decisions, such as ABC analysis.
The purpose of ABC analysis is to divide all of a company's inventory items into three
groups (group A, group B, and group C) based on the overall inventory value of the items. A
prudent manager should spend more time managing those items representing the greatest dollar
inventory cost because this is where the greatest potential savings are. A brief description of
each group follows, with general guidelines as to how to categorize items.
The inventory items in the A group account for a major portion of the inventory costs of
the organization. As s result, their inventory levels must be monitored carefully. These items
typically make up more than 70% of the company's business in dollars, but may consist to the company.
Thus, great care should be taken in forecasting the demand and developing good inventory management
policies for this group of item (refer to Table 6.8), Since there are relatively few of
these, the time involved would not be excessive.
The items in the B group are typically moderately priced items and represent much less
investment than the A items. Thus, it may not be appropriate to spend as much time developing
optimal inventory policies for this group as with the a group since these inventory costs are
much lower. Typically, the group B items represent 20% of the company's business in dolars.
and about 20% of the items in inventory.
The items in the C group are the very low-cost items that represent very little in terms of the
total dollars invested in inventory. These items may constitute only 10% of the company's business
in dollars, but they may consist of 70% of the items in inventory. From a cost-benefit perspective,
it would not be good to spend as much time managing these items as the A and B items.
For the group C items, the company should develop a very simple inventory policy, and this
may include a relatively large safety stock. Since the items cost very little, the holding cost associated
with a large safety stock will also be very low, more care should be taken in determining
the safety stock with the higher priced group B items. For the very expensive group A items, the
cost of carrying the inventory is so hight, it is beneficial to carefully analyze the demand for these
so that safety stock is at an appropriate level. Otherwise, the company may have exceedingly
high holding costs for the group A items.
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