research in learning suggests that getting good grades depend more on effective study skills than on a high IQ whereas students with high grades prepare for exams in advance, reviewing their notes periodically, students with poor grades wait unit the last minute and then cram. Unfortunately, cramming does not produce the desired results. Students with high grades organize their time, planning when they will complete their assignments, while students with low grades ignore schedules and hope they will finish their work on time. Unfortunately, time usually runs out, and they don't get the work done.