Fig. 3 Environmental exposure assessment for the three selected examples: a Polyester textile containing nanosilver,b Sunscreen lotion containing nanoTiO2 and c Tennis racquet containing CNT. For details regarding step 1, please refer to Table 3. Dotted lines indicate negligible (e.g. photochemical transformation of textiles during recycling) or indirect(e.g. ENMs released into the air or deposited on soil and into water) processes